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| Open Cultures Repository > Ideas |
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As cofounder of Public Knowledge and author of "Silent Theft," I have written extensively about the commons as a new paradigm for understanding socially based, non-market value-creation, a phenomena that may find its purest incarnation on the Internet. My website features a variety of articles, reports and links to resources on the commons. This paper explains that while free software is highly visible, it is in fact only one example of a much broader social-economic phenomenon. I suggest that we are seeing the broad and deep emergence of a new, third mode of production in the digitally networked environment. I call this mode "commons-based peer production," to distinguish it from the property- and contract-based modes of firms and markets. Its central characteristic is that groups of individuals successfully collaborate on large- scale projects following a diverse cluster of motivational drives and social signals, rather than either market prices or managerial commands Webcast of a one hour lecture by James Boyle. Delivered at the Conference on the Public Domain, Duke University Nov. 9-11, 2001 We are in the middle of a second enclosure movement; it sounds grandiloquent to call it "the enclosure of the intangible commons of the mind" but in a very real sense, that is just what it is. True, the new state-created property rights are "intellectual" rather than "real," but once again things that were formerly thought as either common property or as "un- commodifiable," as outside of the market, are covered with new, or newly extended property rights. Who owns the Internet? Until recently, nobody. That's because, although the Internet was "Made in the U.S.A.," its unique design transformed it into a resource for innovation that anyone in the world could use. Today, however, courts and corporations are attempting to wall off portions of cyberspace. In so doing, they are destroying the Internet's potential to foster democracy and economic growth worldwide. How will the availability of information over the Internet affect authors and their readers and publishers? Decisions over access to electronic information are being made on national and international levels with little regard for new technologies and their impact on new markets. New regulations may indeed only restrict access to information and impede the application of new technologies by authors and their audiences. Additionally, these legal solutions may only retard the development of more appropriate models for cyberspace. The spread of the Linux operating system kernel has directed attention at the free software movement. This paper shows why free software, far from being a marginal participant in the commercial software market, is the vital first step in the withering away of the intellectual property system. This report explains the importance of the commons as a new conceptual and policy paradigm; describes the proliferation of online commons in the digital culture; and outlines the public policy arenas in which the commons must be actively defended -- communications infrastructure, copyright law, and pro-active policies to bolster the commons. 01. There is a double spooking the world, the double of abstraction. The fortunes of states and armies, companies and communities depend on it. All contending classes - the landlords and farmers, the workers and capitalists - revere yet fear the relentless abstraction of the world on which their fortunes yet depend. All the classes but one. The hacker class. 02. Whatever code we hack, be it programming language, poetic language, math or music, curves or colorings, we create the possibility of new things entering the world. Not always great things, or even good things, but new things. In art, in science, in philosophy and culture, in any production of knowledge where data can be gathered, where information can be extracted from it, and where in that information new possibilities for the world are produced, there are hackers hacking the new out of the old. While hackers create these new worlds, we do not possess them. That which we create is mortgaged to others, and to the interests of others, to states and corporations who control the means for making worlds we alone discover. ... DECODE is an exhibit that exists in two seperate but interconnected realities: the physical and the virtual. It seeks to review what has been done and to present what might be coming in the future of digital art in the country. The first, largest and most comprehensive show of its kind to be mounted in a major Philippine museum, DECODE hopes to let artists express themselves in the electronic arts. In this light, the exhibit seeks to be a cradle for artists who are both deft in technology and in the arts. concerning the emergence of beauty in nature art and science Patterns and a steady stream of new scientific insights depicted as a library of all possibilities. The idea is that it's a process. It is to participate in a vital self- organizing rendering system. Influences and chaotic feedback are constantly at work within this creative loop. The library and laboratory full of data gathering abilities can be exploited extensively. Visitorsare just lifting the curtain to reveal a beautiful structure. The system of multiple loops reconfigurates in various ways, while all i do is supply the visual elements, viewable thoughts and theories and musical sounds; and the system of environment and computer spawns new patterns. The experience falls in a new place between art and science and playing. All of it is an enfolding of self-organized chaotic systems within systems moving with sensitivity toward emergence and change. Complexity and art are about the missing information and boundless beauty. Art and complexity as a theatre and theory of the mind. Our vision is an intelligent process of active construction, it is able to propel us to exponential improvements in performance. Research and surprise are freeing us to go wherever the quest for knowledge leads. We live within movements constantly effecting each other and more and more things gain the ability to interact. The rhythms of activity pervade all the fine details of life and creates advanced structures of beauty and symmetry. Our images are oscillating with the poetry of quantum theory. Stay quantum: being in many states simultaneously. We meander through spaces of ambiguity always on the look out for nuances and subtlety. We - shaped by the deliberate efforts of our intelligence - are spawning new forms of intelligent entities and interactions more complex than the thinker. The intelligent space or the library of all possibilities for creating a composition of knowledge through a room full of sensing, computing and communicating objects can be elaborated to various degrees. They all invite to navigate through sublime beauty on the edge of chaos with plenty of room to create what we see, resonating in sympathy within the flux of transforming scenarios. More and more possible worlds become viewable as our ability to process data increases. The game is called: make increasingly huge interpretative leaps. And here the visitor navigates through the boundless flow of imagining, processing and connecting. as trillions of neutrinos are flying through and by, points of higher curvature are swinging between focused gestalt and oceanic undifferentiation in multidimensional attention mirror reversed circles and spheres, our hyperspherical eyes are omniscient, reaching the deepest oceanic levels, engulfed enlightened by an equation, sparkling with colour and bountiful with life and many degrees of freedom plus the talent and flavour of a neutrino that oscillates fast, whorled and ubiquitous. to capture the elusive ingredients of harmony among oscillators, behold the network of coupled torsion pendulums enfolding the hidden variables of vagueness and precision. as mathemartists will be able to step inside their own creation, we swing in and leap across The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, mesmerized by the values of the abstract that is massless and has spin7 x densityP A mathemartist is a conspicuous poet, parading under the banner of transformation, moving beyond inertia, in the abstract completeness aimed at - in the higher nonconsensus wave dynamics, in a participating universe of Tat Tvam Asi. (Thou Art That) Alessandro Ludovico explores various aspects of file-sharing in relation to sound in this essay written for adonnaM.mp3 - Filesharing, the Hidden Revolution in the Internet exhibition. "The very notion of ownership of a music product is radically redefined by its changing into something which is not material. Apart from reassessing the contents one owns insofar as they are merely activators of other exchanges, peer-to-peer networks are perhaps the first model of contents 'on-demand' which has truly worked because it is negotiated between peers," he writes. The Installation series of “ Untitled 2003” (Palace of Light) , @rtScreen - Art and Culture in the Public Space Organizd by Cross Cultural Communication , Support by European Union; Wien Kulture , Vienna, Austria The Installation Art is currently exhibition from April - June 2003 in Vienna, Austria At Shopping Centre Nord Opening reception on Friday, Apr. 4, 2003 |